This holds true even if zero-emission energy systems power the technology deployed to extract carbon dioxide, the researchers say.

The process recovers critical metals like lithium, nickel, and cobalt, addressing supply insecurity.

This new study shows that commercial and industrial properties have the capacity to host solar resources to fill in part of that gap.

The approach could significantly reduce costs and pollution compared to traditional systems.

New, ultrathin photovoltaic materials could eventually be used in mobile applications, from self-powered wearable devices and sensors to lightweight aircraft and electric vehicles.